The next day, some more bombing by the same six Baltimores and six Venturas
blew up what was left, in particular the area between Calle Larga and
Calle Santa Maria, Calle dei Papuzzeri, Calle Gabriele d'Annunzio,
Piazzetta S. Rocco, Bastione Moro. Flames flared up for two days. The Summary
reported: "A large oil tanker destroyed. Several small boats probably
destroyed. Many buildings along the quays demolished. Hits on a
revolving bridge". At the same time as the raid on the town, some more Beaufighters and Mustangs attacked Nona and Rasanze.
On October 1st the partisans notified the HQ of the Balkan Air Force
that "two German schooners in a cove off Zaton (2 km south of Nona) O.
933150 and three more at the wooden jetty in cove at 0950180 brought
700 German troops to Zara". The next day twelve Baltimores
were above the town, and bombs were dropped mainly on Val di Maistro,
Barcagno, Val di Bora and on the port. On the 4th twenty-one of them
were back (eleven Baltimores and ten Venturas), and the Summary
registered: "Fires and large explosion caused. Hits on quayside, 500
ton vessel and other smaller vessels and barges". Pietro Luxardo, who
happened to be in Peterzane at the time (about 15km north-north-west of
Zara) wrote: "Thank God, me and almost all the others" - those
scattered through the countryside - "have lived through that. Viale
Malta and Cereria - i.e. those still living in Zara - went through some
uncertain moments".
Piazza delle Erbe - before | On
the 9th, the bombers were aiming at the town: seven raids from the
early morning to 16 p.m. They were targeted on the port. But, once
again, they hit Barcagno, Cereria, Val de' Ghisi, the area around the
Stadium with the G.I.L. (Italian Littorian Youth) House, bombs in Parco
Regina Elena (Queen Helen's Park). The daily Summary of the
Balkan Air Force reported: "...Venturas and Baltimores made several
attacks on shipping at Zara. Beaufighters on shipping sweep in the
Canale di Zara and Podgorski Channel reported no movement...".
"Venturas and Baltimores attacked Zara where shipping had been
reported. They [the crews] claim to have hit a 200 ft. vessel scoring 3
direct hits. Black smoke followed and orange flame was observed. They
also hit buildings and probable storehouses. The crews also reported to
have started 3 small fires...", "...Beaufighters attacked an enemy
garrison at Oltre on the island of Ugliano with rockets and cannon fire
scoring numerous hits on buildings". |
On October 25th three raids on Zara by 17 Venturas. They mainly released on Val di Bora, (center-east of the port), and they also hit San Simeone's Church. According to the Summary,
the planes were aiming at the "Shipping installations in Zara..." and
there were "hits on the buildings and breakwater...". On the 28th, six Baltimores and six Venturas
attacked the area of the Colovare and Borgo Erizzo (southern part of
the town) but the reconnaissance was not successful because of the
overcast sky.
The very same day, Prefect Coceani in Triest was relaying to
Zara the telegram with which the Ministry of the Interior of Salò
ordered Head of the Province Vincenzo Serrentino, to leave the town.
On the 30th the planes, in three air raids, dug large
craters in Val de' Ghisi hitting the public housing district. Some more
bombs were dropped on the "Cadorna" barracks. At 22:30, Serrentino, after twelve months' resolute commitment embarked on a German torpedo boat and left Zara.
At night, with fourteen ships escorted by two armed boats, the German
garrison and some from the Italian workers battalion were on their way
to Sebenico, too.
On Novovember 2nd, Coceani telegraphed Guido Buffarini
Guidi, Minister of the Interior: "Last night the prefect of Zara and
National Republican Guard Commander Montesi arrived in Trieste".
Dr. Giacomo Vuxani - Vice-prefect and Prefecture municipal
Commissioner - Head of the Cabinet in the Prefecture Prof. Vincenzo
Fiengo, "Carabinieri"
(Italian MP & Judiciary Police) Major Raffaele Trafficante and
Lieutenant Ignazio Terranova remained in Zara. There were about ninety "Carabinieri", thirty policemen, sixty military from the workers battalion.
At daybreak on October 31st, in the heaps of debris in a destroyed town, Lieutenant Terranova with some "zaratini"
(Zara's citizens) went up the bell tower of the Cathedral and stretched
out the Italian flag long the balustrade of the balcony beneath the
cusp. That was the last Italian flag to be flown in Zara.
The Germans had left. The dreaded but eagerly awaited time had come. What now?
The first partisans appeared around 9 a.m. They came down the road
which leads from San Giovannino to the crossroads of Val de' Ghisi, in
small, scattered, isolated groups.
At about 9:30 planes inexplicably came back. The same six Venturas and six Baltimores.
"They are no more frightening - wrote Tullio Vallery - but sudden
explosions gave me a start. I can hear somebody crying, I can see
people run away in a panic. It is rumored that some are dead, some of
them partisans". The road to Val de' Ghisi is devastated by bomb
craters. Four partisans are dead.
At 11
some more bombing even though there were flags of surrender everywhere
"...to signal a new situation...", and bombs were dropped in the public
housing area in Val de' Ghisi, where some more partisans were coming.
At about 13, the area around the "Cadorna" barracks was bombed
again. "Just a few minutes earlier - recalls Don Lovrovich - I had been
speaking with the soldier Vincenzo Filloni, from Rome. [...] He was
half buried in the ruins beside a bomb crater". He was probably the
last victim of that long sequence of about two thousand deaths that,
since the bombing on the 2nd of November of the previous year, had
covered the town with blood.
That morning, major Trafficante, lieutenant Terranova, Mr.
Giacomo Vuxani, professor Fiengo had responsibly waited for the
partisans to agree on the keeping of the order and the transfer of
power. One of their commanders assured them that everything would occur
in order and in complete agreement. A couple of hours later, the "Carabinieri" were disarmed and taken prisoner. |
Piazza delle Erbe - after |
The radio of Tito spread the news, rebroadcast by Radio Bari, that:
"The partisan troops have occupied the town after three days' harsh
fighting".
In a matter of a few days, Mr. Trafficante, Mr. Terranova,
Mr. Fiengo, the police headquarters personnel, policemen, civilians,
some 180 people altogether, were executed. |